Liquid Crystals: Diverse Aspects and Applications

Liquid crystals are materials that exhibit properties between those of conventional liquids and solid crystals. They possess an ordered structure similar to that of a crystal, but can flow like a liquid. This unique phase allows liquid crystals to be used in various technological applications, most notably in Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) found in screens of digital watches, calculators, and flat-panel monitors. The molecular arrangement of liquid crystals can be manipulated by electric fields, making them ideal for display technologies. They are primarily categorized into three types, namely, nematic, smectic, and cholesteric, each with distinct molecular arrangements and properties. The responsiveness and versatility of liquid crystals continue to drive innovations in displays, sensors, and other optical applications, showcasing their significance in modern technology. This book provides significant information of this discipline to help develop a good understanding of liquid crystals and their applications. The various studies that are constantly contributing towards advancing technologies and evolution of this field are examined in detail. With state-of-the-art inputs by acclaimed experts of this field, this book targets students and professionals.